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We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Individuals at the highest risk for abusing gabapentin include those with opioid abuse, mental illness, or previous history of prescription drug abuse. States are now taking action to track gabapentin use through prescription monitoring programs, and some states have reclassified it as a Schedule V controlled substance. Gabapentin is not a controlled substance on a federal level but is controlled in some states, which limits the number of prescription refills and how it is reported. Gabapentin isn’t a narcotic or federally controlled substance, but it is regulated and recognized as a controlled substance in certain states. Gabapentin is approved by the Food and The FDA approved gabapentin in 1993 as a non-controlled substance and it has remained a non-controlled substance at the federal level. The drug was created as an anticonvulsant and used to treat seizure disorders. The medication has also been used to treat hot flashes, neuropathic pain, pain, postoperative nausea, substance abuse issues, and vomiting. 1,2 It is estimated that approximately 1% At the federal level, gabapentin is not a controlled substance. However, some states have implemented their laws to reclassify gabapentin as a Schedule V controlled substance. Gabapentin is not currently listed as a controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970. Individuals at the highest risk for abusing gabapentin include those with opioid abuse, mental illness, or previous history of prescription drug abuse. The positivity rate for gabapentin was 26% among drug overdose decedents who tested positive for opioids.i In 2019, the FDA announced a new mandate that labels of gabapentin and pregabalin contain a warning about respiratory depression.ii Pregabalin is controlled in Schedule V of the Federal Controlled Substances Act. Gabapentin (Neurontin) is not a narcotic or federally controlled substance by the DEA as of November 2022, but it is classified as a Schedule V controlled substance in certain states. Chemistry: Gabapentin is chemically known as 2-[1-(aminomethyl) cyclohexaneacetic acid]. Gabapentin closely resembles pregabalin, a schedule V drug under the Controlled Substances Act in its chemical structure and pharmacological activity. In the state of Kentucky, prescribers without a DEA license are unable to prescribe gabapentin after it was classified as a Schedule V controlled substance. 38 This licensing requirement is part of the state’s Controlled Substances Act which had the greatest impact on mid-level practitioners who may not have a DEA license. Gabapentin is classified as a controlled substance in several states, including Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Texas. These states have placed it under Schedule V, indicating a lower potential for abuse compared to higher schedules. Gabapentin’s regulatory status varies by state. Some states classify it as a Schedule V controlled substance due to concerns about misuse and its involvement in the opioid crisis. Individuals at the highest risk for abusing gabapentin include those with opioid abuse, mental illness, or previous history of prescription drug abuse. States are now taking action to track gabapentin use through prescription monitoring programs, and some states have reclassified it as a Schedule V controlled substance. Twelve states have not classified gabapentin as a controlled substance, but require gabapentin dispensing must be reported to their PMP (including CT, DC, IN, KS, MA, MN, NE, NJ, OH, OR, UT, and WY). Gabapentin is a controlled substance in states like Michigan and Kentucky, while others have mandated reporting rules. Learn about its risk for abuse here. While gabapentin is not a Federal Schedule V Controlled Substance, these recent actions taken by individual states should alert pharmacists about poten- tial risks related to the drug and high- light the possible need for additional patient counseling in some cases. Presently, seven states have classified gabapentin as a Schedule V controlled substance, and 12 others, New Jersey included, require that gabapentin prescriptions be reported in the PDMP system. Key Points Gabapentin is an FDA-approved medication used to relieve nerve pain and seizures. Gabapentin isn’t a controlled substance or narcotic on the federal level, but several states have passed laws to make it a Schedule V controlled substance. Gabapentin has risks and adverse effects, especially when combined with some other substances. Gabapentin is a Schedule V drug in states where it’s classified as a controlled substance. Despite its increasing use, especially for off-label purposes, gabapentin typically does not have the same potential for misuse or dependence as some other drugs, such as opioids or benzodiazepines.
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